In this paper, the authors present a framework of their own creation, for managing online collaborative learning. They do not only provide ideas and approaches for creating online learning experiences, but also highlight the importance of the perception of presence in online environents, the creation of a community, the presence of the teacher and the fostering of long-lasting learning outcomes through participation and engagement. The article does not focus on specific tools for collaboration, but defines a background framework able to sustain learning and teaching in an online environment, whatever tool one should decide to employ.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1096751606000534#fig1